Nonwoven fabrics, due to their extensive applications in medical and hygiene textiles, require simultaneous improvement of mechanical and antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to fabricate a nonwoven fabric nanobiocomposite containing zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized through a green method using Satureja khuzistanica extract and to evaluate its bending and antibacterial properties. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using a hydroalcoholic extract of Satureja khuzistanica and were immobilized on the fabric along with extract nanopowder through an immersion method using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder. Structural characteristics were evaluated using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and UV–Vis analyses. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by the agar diffusion method, MIC, and MBC tests, while bending properties were examined according to ASTM D1388 standard. The results confirmed the successful formation of nanoparticles with an appropriate crystalline structure. Extract-based nanoparticles exhibited antimicrobial activity, and zinc oxide nanoparticles showed significant antibacterial effects, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, the incorporation of nanoparticles increased the bending stiffness of the fabric, with the best performance achieved at concentrations of 3–5%. The developed nanobiocomposite, utilizing a green synthesis approach, demonstrated improved bending properties along with desirable antimicrobial activity. Due to its biocompatibility and environmental compatibility, this material can be considered a promising candidate for the production of medical textiles and hygiene products.