Measurements of Specific Surface Area of Materials Specially Fibers: A Review
Ramin
Khajavi
Deprtment of Textile Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University
author
Sahar
Najaf Abadi
Deprtment of Textile Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University
author
text
article
2015
per
Specific surface area has an important role in determining chemical and physical properties of materials. Different methods such as gas adsorption, molecules absorption from solution, thermodynamic properties (enthalpy of dissolution), and scanning electron microscopy are employed to measure the specific surface area of materials. In this review paper, conventional methods such as gas adsorption (N2, Ar) and adsorption of molecules from solution (such as methylene blue and ethylene glycol mono ethyl ether) were introduced. The principals of Langmuir and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller theories were also presented. Fibers have high specific surface area considering their long cylindrical aspect ratio. The high specific surface area of fibers shows its importance in some applications such as filtaration and nano-scaffolds.
Journal of Textile Science and Technology
Today Textile Institute
2151-7162
5
v.
2
no.
2015
3
10
https://www.jtst.ir/article_15505_abca0d00d872fc753f7a57a4a2b3a4b6.pdf
Tensile Properties-Microstructure Correlations in the Hot-Drawn Nylon 6 Fiber
Ruhollah
Semnani Rahbar
Department of Textile and Leather, Faculty of Chemical and Petrochemical, Standard Research Institute (SRI)
author
Mohammad Ali
Tavanaie
Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Yazd
author
Mohammad Reza
Mohaddes Mojtahedi
Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology
author
text
article
2015
per
In the present work, nylon 6 fibers were hot-drawn with different number of drawing steps with a fixed total draw ratio of 4.63. FTIR spectroscopy, wide-angle x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and birefringence measurements were used to explain the relationship between structure and tensile properties of the drawn fibers. The results show that gamma crystalline phase converts to alpha crystalline phase upon the drawing process. For three-stage drawn fibers, a higher initial modulus is achieved as compared to single and two-stage drawn fibers. The tensile properties (e.g. initial modulus) and shrinkage behavior of three-stage drawn fibers cannot be simply explained only with the crystalline structure and orientation. For understanding the relation, the interfibrillar taut-tie molecules fraction should be considered.
Journal of Textile Science and Technology
Today Textile Institute
2151-7162
5
v.
2
no.
2015
11
20
https://www.jtst.ir/article_15504_bb5c65c4094b84436b24221064fbac38.pdf
Zinc oxide nano particles treated polyester fabric in calcium hydroxide media
ضحی
خندق آبادی
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یادگار امام خمینی
author
شیرین
نوربخش
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یادگار امام خمینی
author
مجید
منتظر
دانشگاه صنعتی امیر کبیر
author
text
article
2015
per
In this research, polyester fabrics were treated by calcium hydroxide alkaline solutions in the presence of ZnO nano particles. The fabrics were treated at different concentrations of ZnO nano colloidal solutions (1,2, 5 and 10% owf). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and FTIR/ATR spectroscopy were used for investigation of surface morphology and chemical structure of polyester fabrics. The treated polyester fabrics were dyed with methylene blue and were exposed to sunlight to determine self-cleaning effect. The reflectance values of the dyed fabrics were measured by spectrophotometer (D65/10°). The atomic absorption spectroscopy was carried out to determine the Zn ions content on polyester fabrics. Wetting time and bending length were obtained according to the standard test methods. Antimicrobial properties of the treated fabrics were tested with two kinds of bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aurous) according to AATCC 100 standard test method. The results showed that the absorption of ZnO nanoparticles on pretreated polyester fabrics was higher than that on the samples treated in alakine solutions containing ZnO nano particles.
Journal of Textile Science and Technology
Today Textile Institute
2151-7162
5
v.
2
no.
2015
21
30
https://www.jtst.ir/article_15506_3d8c9d9498d3e8248a18ba971d70a375.pdf
A Study on the Relation between Nanofiber Mat Porosity and Its UV Protection
الهام
توکل
دانشجو / دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان
author
سید عبدالکریم
حسینی
استاد / دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان
author
text
article
2015
per
The researches have shown that the nanofibrous mat porosity determination is the best way to evaluate the Ultraviolet (UV) transmission of white and non-dyed nanofibrous mats, and the fibers chemical structure is of secondary importance. There are different parameters affecting the porosity of nanofiber mat. The main aim of this study is to investigate the relation between the nanofibrous mat porosity and the UV-protection (shielding) capability of the mats. For this purpose, the nanofibrous mats with different porosity were produced by electrospinning polyacrylonitrile solutions (11 and 15 wt% in dimethylformamide) on drum collector at various speeds. The porosity of electrospun samples was measured by the air permeability test. Moreover, their UV-protection capability was determined by measuring the degradation of methylene blue dye solution protected by each mat sample under UV irradiation. The results showed that the nanofibrous mat with higher porosity and therefore higher UV-protection can be obtained by increasing the drum speed.
Journal of Textile Science and Technology
Today Textile Institute
2151-7162
5
v.
2
no.
2015
31
36
https://www.jtst.ir/article_15507_e1bf730a448d5d29e8044387f838ae4f.pdf
Investigation and Extraction of Effective Components in Washing Properties of Anabasis Setifera Plant Extract
Zobeideh
Hosseinbar
Faculty of Conservation, Art University of Isfahan
author
hamidreza
bakhshandehfard
Head of Conservation Department
author
Mohammad Reza
Sabzalian
Faculty of Agriculter Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology
author
text
article
2015
per
Anabasis Setifera is a native plant of Balochestan-Iran that was used for washing textiles traditionally. In this work, the identification of saponins as a surfactant/detergent in the stems and leaves of this plant was studied. The experiments showed the presence of saponins, alkaloids and phenolic compounds and the absence of tannins and flavonoids in the extracts. Three different methods were used for extraction of active materials from this plant and their physical-chemical properties were compared with each others. The results showed that the yield of extraction was different and as a result, their surface tension properties, and critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) varied. The CMC value of the extracted compounds by traditional method (~33 mg/L) was much lower than those of the corresponding compounds extracted by water or alcohol extractions (~166 mg/L). The extracted compounds with the traditional method had the best properties considering the CMC value and foamability.
Journal of Textile Science and Technology
Today Textile Institute
2151-7162
5
v.
2
no.
2015
37
42
https://www.jtst.ir/article_15508_1fbd6e99a470832b2401d20b3617c7d9.pdf
Surface Etherification of Cotton Fabric for Enhanced Water Absorption Using Microwave Energy
Ahmad
Hivechi
مرکز تحقیقات توسعه و کیفیت سازمان اتکا، تهران، ایران
author
text
article
2015
per
Water sorption is one of the most important properties affecting the comfort in clothing. Fabric should be able to absorb sweat from skin and transfer it to the outer surface. In this research, cotton fabric was treated with monochloro acetic acid by microwave irradiation (885 W for 6 min). In this method, hydroxyl functional groups were replaced by carboxyl functional groups and hydrophilicity of the cotton fabric was improved. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) was performed to detect chemical etherification bonding between cellulose and monochloro acetic acid. The results showed that the vapor and water sorption of treated fabrics increased by 48% and 43%, respectively. The proposed model shows that the saturation time is increased significantly for the treated fabrics. The contact angle of water on treated fabric decreased to about 30°.
Journal of Textile Science and Technology
Today Textile Institute
2151-7162
5
v.
2
no.
2015
43
49
https://www.jtst.ir/article_15509_c8a77d90c75ace4871176fbc724c9689.pdf