مروری بر کاربرد سیالات فوق بحرانی در تولید الیاف پلیمری رسانا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه طراحی و چاپ پارچه، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران

چکیده

پلیمرهای رسانا از قبیل پلی­پیرول، پلی­آنیلین و پلی­تیوفن دارای کاربردهای متعددی در زمینه­های مختلف از جمله سنسورهای شیمیایی، مبدل­ها، پوشش­های آنتی­استاتیک، محافظ­های مغناطیسی، الیاف رسانا و منسوجات هوشمندهستند. سیالات فوق بحرانی به سرعت به حلالی پایدار و منحصر به فرد در فرآیندهای شیمیایی مختلف تبدیل شده­اند. میزان حلالیت بسیاری از پلیمرها در دی­اکسیدکربن فوق بحرانی کم بوده و این خود یکی از محدودیت­های استفاده از دی­اکسیدکربن فوق بحرانی در سنتز پلیمرهااست. هیچ­یک از پلیمرهای رسانا، قابل حل در دی­اکسید­کربن فوق بحرانی نیستند اما رسوب دادن آن­ها در حین فرآیند پلیمریزاسیون، می­تواند در دی­اکسید­کربن فوق بحرانی اتفاق ­افتد. با توجه به میزان فلوئوردوستی دی­اکسید­کربن فوق بحرانی و برهم­کنش قوی آن با گروه­های کربونیل، افزودن گروه­های کربونیل و یا گروه­های فلوئوروآلکیل به پلیمرهای رسانا، دو روش مهم در تولید پلیمرهای رسانایی است که از حلالیت بالایی در دی­اکسید­کربن در دما و فشار معمولی برخوردار هستند. مخلوط کردن پلیمرهای رسانا با پلیمرهای دیگر و تولید انواع کامپوزیت­های رسانا روش دیگری در تولید الیاف رسانا است. با توجه به غیر سمی بودن و سازگار با محیط زیست بودن دی­اکسیدکربن فوق بحرانی، می­توان از آن به عنوان یک حلال سبز در فرآیندهای جذب و واجذب کامپوزیت­ها و در تولید الیاف رسانا استفاده نمود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Review on Application of Supercritical Fluids in Producing Conductive Polymeric Fibers

نویسنده [English]

  • Somayeh Baseri
Department of textile design and printing, Semnan university, Semnan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Conductive polymers such as polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline and polythiophene have foreseeable use in various products such as chemical-sensors, transducers, antistatic coatings, conductive fibers and smart textiles. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) is a ‘green’ solvent that can be used in chemical processes. Although, none of the aforementioned polymers are soluble in SC-CO2, but precipitations take place during the polymerization. Given the fluorophilicity of SC-CO2 and the strong interaction between SC-CO2 and carbonyl groups, the unique combination of fluoroalkyl groups and carbonyl groups makes the polymers highly soluble in CO2 at moderate pressure and temperature. The blends of conductive polymers with another polymer, which are often referred to as conductive composites, are generally produced conductive fibers. As a non-toxic and environmentally acceptable solvent, SC-CO2  may also be beneficial in tailoring the properties of the composites by control of sorption and desorption processes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Polyaniline
  • polythiophen
  • energy gap
  • smart textiles
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